Morse code Translator

OBJECTIVE

To design and simulate a system using Arduino that translates alphanumeric text input into Morse code, which is represented by dots (.) and dashes (-). The system will then output the Morse code using audible signals (buzzer).

MODULES REQUIRED

Arduino uno
Lcd 16x2 i2c
Push button
Buzzer

Morse code images

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

SCHEMATIC CONNECTION

Connect LCD :

Connect the VCC pin of the LCD to the 5V pin on the Arduino .

Connect the GND pin of the LCD to the GND pin on the Arduino

Connect the SDA pin of the LCD to pin SDA on the Arduino.

Connect the SCL pin of the LCD to pin SCL on the Arduino.

Connect push button :

connect the +ve pin of the push button to the D2 on the Arduino

connect the -ve pin of the push button to the GND on the Arduino

Connect the +ve pin of the push button 2 to the D3 on the Arduino

Connect the -ve pin of the push button 2 to the GND on the Arduino .

Connect the +ve pin of the push button 3 to the D4 on the Arduino .

Connect the -ve pin of the push button 3 to the GND on the Arduino

Connect Buzzer:

Connect the +ve pin of the buzzer to the D5 on the Arduino

Connect the -ve pin of the buzzer to the GND on the Arduino

To begin your project, click this template link:

Simulate on Wokwi

ARDUINO CODE


#include (Wire.h)
#include (LiquidCrystal_I2C.h)

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2); // I2C address 0x27, 16 columns and 2 rows
const int dotButtonPin = 2;       // Connect the dot button to digital pin 2
const int dashButtonPin = 3;      // Connect the dash button to digital pin 3
const int confirmButtonPin = 4;   // Connect the confirm button to digital pin 4
const int buzzerPin = 5;          // Connect the piezo buzzer to digital pin 5

int dotButtonState = 0;        // Variable to store the dot button state
int dashButtonState = 0;       // Variable to store the dash button state
int confirmButtonState = 0;    // Variable to store the confirm button state
String morseCode = "";         // Variable to store the Morse code sequence

// Morse code to letter mapping (using uppercase for comparison)
const char* morseAlphabet[] = {".-", "-...", "-.-.", "-..", ".", "..-.", "--.", "....", "..", ".---", "-.-", ".-..", "--", "-.", "---", ".--.", "--.-", ".-.", "...", "-", "..-", "...-", ".--", "-..-", "-.--", "--..",".----","..---","...--","....-",".....","-....","--...","---..","----.","-----"};

// Character lengths in milliseconds: dot, dash, and space
const int dotLength = 200;
const int dashLength = dotLength * 3;
const int spaceLength = dotLength * 7;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);  // Initialize serial communication

  pinMode(dotButtonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(dashButtonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(confirmButtonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT);

  lcd.begin(16, 2);
  lcd.setBacklight(HIGH);
  lcd.print("Morse Code");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("Translator");
  delay(2000);
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print("BNSS");
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print("Have Fun Peace!");
  delay(5000);
  lcd.clear();
  Serial.println("LCD Initialized");
}

void loop() {
  dotButtonState = digitalRead(dotButtonPin);
  dashButtonState = digitalRead(dashButtonPin);
  confirmButtonState = digitalRead(confirmButtonPin);

  if (dotButtonState == LOW) {
    tone(buzzerPin, 1000, 100); // Short tone for dot
    morseCode += ".";
    delay(200); // debounce delay
    Serial.println("Dot Button Pressed");
  }

  if (dashButtonState == LOW) {
    tone(buzzerPin, 1000, 100); // Short tone for dash
    morseCode += "-";
    delay(200); // debounce delay
    Serial.println("Dash Button Pressed");
  }

  if (confirmButtonState == LOW) {
    interpretMorseCode(morseCode);
    delay(200); // debounce delay
    morseCode = ""; // Reset Morse code sequence after confirmation
    Serial.println("Confirm Button Pressed");
  }
}

void interpretMorseCode(String morseCode) {
  for (int i = 0; i < 36; i++) {
    if (morseCode == morseAlphabet[i]) {
      if (i < 26) {
        lcd.print(char('A' + i));
      } else if (i < 36) {
        lcd.print(char('0' + i - 26)); // Print numbers
      }
      //lcd.print(char('A' + i));
      lcd.display();
      delay(1000);
      //lcd.clear();
      Serial.println("LCD Updated");
      return;
    }
  }

  // Handle incorrect or incomplete code
  Serial.println("Unknown Morse Code");
  lcd.print("X");
  lcd.display();
  delay(1000);
  lcd.clear();
}

INSTRUCTIONS

Assemble the circuit by connecting all components as shown in the schematic diagram.

On the left side of the screen, open sketch.ino and write your Arduino code.

After completing the circuit and writing the code, click the green Play button to start the simulation.

Design and simulate an Arduino-based system that takes alphanumeric text input, converts it into Morse code using dots (.) and dashes (-), and outputs the code through audible signals via a buzzer.

WORKING PRINCIPLE

The system reads text from the serial monitor, converts it to Morse code, and uses a buzzer to produce short beeps for dots and longer beeps for dashes with standard timing intervals.

Project Link

for your reference.